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Compare & contrast (within a text)

Grade 4 · English Language Arts · Free lesson

Hi there! I am Studyfin, your learning buddy. Today, we will learn how to find what is the same and what is different in a story!

When we read, we look for how things are alike and different. Comparing means finding how they are the same. Contrasting means finding how they are different.

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Clue words help us spot these details. Words like 'both' and 'also' show things are alike. Words like 'but' and 'unlike' show they are different.

Alike both also / same Different but unlike / yet

We can use a Venn diagram to sort these facts. Alike facts go in the middle where the circles overlap. Different facts go on the outer sides.

Differs Alike Differs
✏️ Worked example

Read this short paragraph, then find one way the two characters are alike and one way they are different: "Max and Bella both love art. Max likes to paint giant outdoor murals. However, Bella prefers to draw small pencil sketches in her notebook."

  1. Step 1: Look for clue words that show things are alike. I see the word 'both' in the first sentence.
  2. Step 2: Identify the shared trait. The text says they 'both love art'. That is how they are alike.
  3. Step 3: Look for clue words that show contrast. I see the word 'however' in the second sentence.
  4. Step 4: Identify the differences. Max likes to paint giant murals, but Bella prefers to draw small pencil sketches.
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